| Reviews |
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Gastroenterology / Review
Recent advances in the management of small bowel Crohn’s disease
Kwangwoo Nam, Hee Seok Moon
Korean J Intern Med. 2026;41(4):563-571. Published online July 1, 2026
Crohn’s disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the bowel characterized by alternating periods of remission and relapse. Although CD can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract, small bowel involvement is particularly common and generally considered a more challenging subtype than..
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Hemato-oncology / Review
Korean expert consensus on the management of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
Seo-Yeon Ahn, Junshik Hong, Jin Seok Kim, Sung-Hyun Kim, Kyoung Ha Kim, Ho-Young Yhim, Yoo Jin Lee, Jaewoo Song, Soo-Mee Bang, Ji Hyun Lee, Seongsoo Jang, Sung Hwa Bae; on behalf of the Korean Society of Hematology Thrombosis and Hemostasis Working Party and the Korean Society on Thrombosis and Hemostasis
Korean J Intern Med. 2026;41(4):572-584. Published online July 1, 2026
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a rare but life-threatening thrombotic microangiopathy resulting from severe ADAMTS13 deficiency. Although effective treatments, such as therapeutic plasma exchange, immunosuppressive therapy with rituximab, and caplacizumab, have significantly improved s..
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Infectious diseases / Review
Use of corticosteroids in sepsis and infectious diseases: a narrative review
Jong Hun Kim
Korean J Intern Med. 2026;41(4):585-596. Published online July 1, 2026
Critically ill patients with septic shock exhibit dysregulated host inflammatory responses. Critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency (CIRCI) has been recognized as a potential contributor to poor outcomes in critically ill patients. CIRCI is characterized by dysregulation of the hypotha..
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Rheumatology / Review
Autoimmune diseases in the era of COVID-19: emerging mechanisms, clinical implications, vaccine considerations, and future directions
Jaehyun Kong, Seohyun Hong, Jiyeon Oh, Sooji Lee, Lee Smith, Francesco Branda, Hanseul Cho, Jiyoung Hwang, Dong Keon Yon
Korean J Intern Med. 2026;41(4):597-619. Published online July 1, 2026
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has highlighted a complex, bidirectional relationship between SARSCoV-2 infection and autoimmune diseases. This review examines how SARS-CoV-2 infection influences the incidence, progression, and outcomes of five major autoimmune conditions: systemic ..
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Rheumatology / Review
From Sjögren syndrome to Sjögren disease: rethinking classification and diagnostic complexity
Jennifer Jooha Lee, Howook Jeon, Hyun-Sook Kim, Hae-Rim Kim, Seung-Ki Kwok, Yoon-Kyoung Sung, Jisoo Lee, Shin-Seok Lee, Sung-Hwan Park, Yun Jong Lee; on behalf of the Korean Society of Sjogren Disease Research (KCR-SjD)
Korean J Intern Med. 2026;41(4):620-635. Published online July 1, 2026
Sjögren syndrome (SS), traditionally regarded as a sicca-predominant condition, is now recognized as a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by type I interferon activation, B-cell hyperactivity, and periepithelial lymphocytic infiltration. This conceptual shift has prompted changes in terminology, wit..
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| Original Articles |
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Gastroenterology / Original Article
Hepatitis B core-related antigen as a multifaceted biomarker in chronic hepatitis B: implications for immune activity and hepatocellular carcinoma prediction
Kwon Yong Tak, Seok Hwan Kim, Myeong Jun Song
Korean J Intern Med. 2026;41(4):636-648. Published online July 1, 2026
Background/Aims: Hepatitis B core-related antigen (HBcrAg) reflects both serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA and intrahepatic covalently closed circular DNA activity, offering potential advantages over conventional biomarkers in monitoring chronic hepatitis B (CHB). This study evaluated the clinical ut..
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Gastroenterology / Original Article
The 2020 disease burden and economic implications of digestive diseases in Korea: a nation-wide comprehensive study
Eui Sun Jeong, Hye-Kyung Jung, Younhee Kim, Hyung Seok Lim
Korean J Intern Med. 2026;41(4):649-662. Published online July 1, 2026
Background/Aims: Digestive diseases are highly prevalent and contribute substantially to healthcare utilization and costs. However, national-level data on digestive diseases burden in Korea are limited. This study aimed to estimate the healthcare burden of digestive diseases in Korea via a national ..
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Cardiology / Original Article
Distal radial access in acute coronary syndrome patients with good arterial pulsation: a subgroup analysis from the KODRA registry
Jun-Won Lee, Su Yong Kim, Jung Ho Heo, Han-Young Jin, Sung Woo Cho, Yongcheol Kim, Bong-Ki Lee, Sang-Yong Yoo, Sang Yeub Lee, Chan Joon Kim, Jin Sup Park, Do Hoi Kim, Jin Bae Lee, Dong-Kie Kim, Jun Ho Bae, Sung-Yun Lee, Seung-Hwan Lee
Korean J Intern Med. 2026;41(4):663-675. Published online July 1, 2026
Background/Aims: Distal radial access (DRA) has been associated with fewer access-site complications, but evidence in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains limited. This study evaluated the feasibility and safety of DRA in ACS patients with good arterial pulsation.
Methods: Patients with good arter..
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Cardiology / Original Article
The medical impact of emergent banning of N-nitrosodimethylamine: contaminated antihypertensive drug
Juhee Ahn, Sungho Won, Jong-Heon Park, Hae-Young Lee
Korean J Intern Med. 2026;41(4):676-689. Published online July 1, 2026
Background/Aims: Concerns exist regarding the potential carcinogenic effect of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) as a contaminant of the antihypertensive medication, valsartan. This study evaluated the association of NDMA-contaminated valsartan with cancer incidence.
Methods: Nationwide longitudinal ob..
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Cardiology / Original Article
Prognostic significance of 1-year versus baseline high-sensitivity C-reactive protein after acute myocardial infarction: nationwide landmark results
Seok-Woo Seong, Hyun Woong Park, Jae-Hwan Lee, Jin-Ok Jeong, Mi Joo Kim, Pil Sang Song, Seon-Ah Jin, Kye Taek Ahn, Myung Ho Jeong, Sang Hyun Park, Jin-Yong Hwang; KAMIR Investigators
Korean J Intern Med. 2026;41(4):690-705. Published online July 1, 2026
Background/Aims: Residual inflammatory risk after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains an important determinant of long-term outcomes despite optimal lipid-lowering therapy. The prognostic significance of serial high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) measurements beyond the acute phase re..
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Endocrinology-metabolism / Original Article
Financial burden of glycemic control: a single-center retrospective study of diabetes costs in South Korean patients
Han-Sang Baek, Sungju Kim, Dong-Jun Lim, Chul-Min Kim, Tae Seo Sohn, Sungrae Kim
Korean J Intern Med. 2026;41(4):706-720. Published online July 1, 2026
Background/Aims: The impact of glycemic control on healthcare costs is a critical research area. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels and healthcare costs, including out-of-pocket (OOP) expenses and insurance expenditures (IEs), over 5 years (2019..
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Hemato-oncology / Original Article
Restrictive lung function and smoking increase lung cancer risk in tuberculosis survivors: a cohort study
Yun-Gyoo Lee, Hyun-Il Gil, Dayeon Seo, Bo-Guen Kim, Hyunjoo Lee, Young Hwan Kim, Heerim Nam, Soo-Youn Ham, Du-Young Kang, Jae-Uk Song
Korean J Intern Med. 2026;41(4):721-730. Published online July 1, 2026
Background/Aims: Individuals with prior tuberculosis (TB) infection represent a high-risk group for lung cancer due to chronic pulmonary damage. Although associations between TB and lung cancer have been established, this study aimed to explore specific risk factors of lung cancer development in TB ..
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| Editorial |
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| Original Articles |
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Original Article
Prognostic analysis according to adjuvant chemotherapy and anti-HER2 therapy following surgery in T1a/b HER2-positive breast cancer
Woochan Park, Koung Jin Suh, Jeongmin Seo, Se Hyun Kim, Yu Jung Kim, Hee-Chul Shin, Eun-Kyu Kim, In Ah Kim, So Yeon Park, Jee Hyun Kim
Korean J Intern Med. 2026;41(4):734-747. Published online July 1, 2026
Background/Aims: The optimal adjuvant chemotherapy and anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) therapy regimen following surgery for T1a/b HER2-positive breast cancer remains debatable.
Methods: In this single-center retrospective analysis, we examined the postoperative treatment strat..
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Rheumatology / Original Article
Association of hyperuricemia with valvular heart disease and the modifying effect of obesity
Seung Min Jung, Sang-Hyuk Jung, Su-Nam Lee, Jin A Choi, Dokyoon Kim, Hong-Hee Won, Jae-Seung Yun
Korean J Intern Med. 2026;41(4):748-762. Published online July 1, 2026
Background/Aims: Hyperuricemia has been widely associated with cardiovascular health, but its relationship with incident valvular heart disease (VHD) remains uncertain. This study investigated the association between hyperuricemia and VHD, and further explored the role of weight management within thi..
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| Editorial |
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| Original Article |
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Original Article
Tumor necrosis factor inhibitor prescribing and persistence by specialty in radiographic axial spondyloarthritis: a Korean claims study
Bon San Koo, Ye-Jee Kim, Yeo-Jin Lee, Yong-Gil Kim, Tae-Hwan Kim
Korean J Intern Med. 2026;41(4):766-778. Published online July 1, 2026
Background/Aims: Although several studies have shown that specialist care may be associated with better outcomes, methodological limitations have made it difficult to draw definitive conclusions. Therefore, we examined real-world patterns of tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) use for radiographi..
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| Images of interest |
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Gastroenterology / Image of interest
Sigmoid colon metastasis from esophageal squamous cell carcinoma presenting as a colon polyp
Tae Un Kim, Su Jin Kim, Hwaseong Ryu
Korean J Intern Med. 2026;41(4):779-781. Published online July 1, 2026
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Rheumatology / Image of interest
Pigmented villonodular synovitis in the thoracic spine: a rare and under-recognized condition
Jacob A Schroeder, Márcio Luís Duarte, Leonardo Furtado Freitas
Korean J Intern Med. 2026;41(4):782-784. Published online July 1, 2026
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